初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类，
初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
。虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如： If time permits, we"ll go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。
如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。
虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
含有条件状语从句的复合句
wish（wouldrather）+宾语从句
suggest（…）+宾语从句
2.主语从句Itis+adj./p.p/n.+that+S+(should)+do
表语从句S+isthat+s+(should)+do
同位语从句S+that+s+(should)+do
3.定语从句Itis(high)timethat+S+did
用过去式表现在情况
1.时态后退型用过去完成式表过去
两种形式用过去将来表将来
2.should+动词原形型
内容详述
I.含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)
时间条件状语从句主句
与现在事实相反的假设If+S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do…
与过去事实相反的假设If+S+haddone…S+would/should/could/might+havedone…
与将来事实相反的假设did…
If+Sshoulddo
weretodo
S+would/should/could/might+do…
注意事项：
1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。
2．错综条件句初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。
3．Ifthereweren"t/hadnotbeen+…=without…
4．Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn"tbeenfor…=butfor…
5．otherwise+虚拟语气的句子
6．虚拟语气的句子，but+陈述事实的句子
II.虚拟语气用在宾语从句中
sb.did…(希望现在用过去式)
1.wish+thatsb.haddone…（希望过去用过去完成式）
sb.would/shoulddo（希望将来用过去将来）
2.wouldrather后的从句要用虚拟语气。
时间从句
虚拟现在were,did(动词一般过去式)
虚拟过去haddone
虚拟将来did(动词一般过去式)
例：IwouldratherIhadn’tsaidsuchunkindthingstoyou.（虚拟过去）
I"dratheryoucameherefortheanswertomorrowmorning.（虚拟将来）
I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.(虚拟现在)
3.suggest+（that）S+should+do…
表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should＋动词原形，should常常省略。
这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested，require等。
注意：
1.suggest当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气
2.insist当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气。
判断改错：（错）Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou（should）beill.
（对）Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.
（错）Iinsistedthatyou（should）bewrong.
（对）Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.
III.虚拟语气用在主语从句中
Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should加动词原形，should可省略。
Itis可用的词有三类that（should）do
suggested,ordered,required,proposed,demanded,requested,insisted等
important,necessary,natural,imperative,strange等
apity,ashame,nowonder等
IV．虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should)＋动词原形初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习文章初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习出自https://www.unjs.com/article/wk-78500001021729.html，转载请保留此链接！。
这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal（提议），order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation（推荐），plan，resolution（决议），idea等。
eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff．
V．虚拟语气用在表语从句中。
某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should)＋动词原形。
这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。
eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(should)presenttheprizes.
VI．虚拟语气用在定语从句中
Itis（about／high）time＋thatsb.didsth/shoulddosth..
eg.Don"tyouthinkit"sabouttimewewenthome？
注：在thisisthefirsttime／secondtimethat．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。
eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong？
VII.虚拟语气用在让步、方式、目的状语从句中
1．在带有evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如:Evenifhehadbeenill,hewouldhavegonetohisoffice.即使生了病，他俩去办公室。
2．由asif或asthough引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had十过去分词”。如:HetreatedmeasifIwereastranger.他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
3．虚拟语气用在lest（唯恐、免得），forfearthat及incase引导的目的状语从句中初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习素材库。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其谓语动词多由should＋动词原形构成，should也可省略
eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain．
VIII．虚拟语气用情感语言中
1．虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中，使用虚拟语气。
eg.Youshouldn"thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely；youshouldhavekeptyourdistance．
2．Ifonlysb./sth.+时态后退型的谓语
IfonlyIhadknowntheresultoftheexamination.
IX.虚拟语气的特殊用法：
省掉if的条件从句结构：
Had you asked me, I would have told you.
(=If you had asked me,…)
2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：
A true friend would not do such a thing.
(=If he were a true friend, he would...)
有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.
虚拟语气练习题：
1.Ifyouwereoldenough,I________youtogothereyesterday.
A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed
2.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey________themeninatonce.
A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring
3.__________Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.
A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were
4.Itisstrangethatsuchathing_________inyourclass.
A.willhappenB.happensC.shouldhappenD.happened
5.HowIwishI________torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.
A.hadtriedB.hadn"ttriedC.havetriedD.didn"ttry
6.Ifhe_______totheteacherattentively,he_______theanswertotheproblemnow. A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknow
#from 初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习来自大学网https://www.unjs.com/ end#
C.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow
7.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI_______yourbirthdayparty.
A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended
8.IfonlyI_________howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.
A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew
9.Thetwostrangerstalksasifthey_______friendsforyears.
A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen
10.Itishightimewe_______upourresults.
A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum
11ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn_______nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.
willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes
12.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(导师),we_______intheexperiment.
A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceeded
C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded
13.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.
A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake
14.Shecouldn"thaveansweredthequestionifshe________afewbooksonworld
history.
A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread
15.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?
A.hadgoneB.shouldgoC.goD.willgo
16.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________nothingwrongand______freeimmediately.
A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset
17.Youradvicethat______tillnextweekisreasonable.
A.shewaitsB.shewaitC.waitsheD.shewaited
18.Itwasessentialthatwe_________lease（条约、合同）beforetheend
ofthemonth.
A.signB.signedC.hadsignedD.weresigning
19.IwishthatI______withyoulastnight.
A.wentB.havegoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone
20.HespeaksChinesesofluentlyasifhe______aChinese.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen
21.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughheawayforages.
A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen
22.ItisimportantthattheTOEFL___________officeyourregistration.
A.willconfirmB.confirmC.confirmsD.mustconfirm
23.IfIhadseenthemovie,I___________youallaboutitnow.
A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetold
24.IhadhopedthatJohn______ayearinAfrica,buthestayedthereonlyforthreemonths.
A.spendsB.spentC.wouldspendD.willspend
25.I’dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.
A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t
26.Everybodyhasarrived.It’stimewetheclass.
A.shallstartB.wouldstartC.hadstartedD.shouldstart
27.theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
28.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
29.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe______afewbookson
worldhistory.
A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread
30.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.
A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
31.______thefog,weshouldhavereachedourdestination.
A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Butfor
32.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(导师),we___intheexperiment.
A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceed
C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded
33.TheLawrequiresthateveryone_______hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.
A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have
34.Irecommendedthatthestudent_______hiscompositionassoonaspossible.
A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting
35.Iwouldhavecalledyouupforhelphaditbeenpossible,butI_______yourphonenumberthen.
A.hadn’thadB.didn’thaveC.shouldn’thaveD.couldn’thave
36.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_________quitedifferenttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
37.IwishI___________youyesterday.
A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee
38.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_________allrightnow.
A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen
39._________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.
A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave
40.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe__________there
A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.been
41.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater.Itlooksasifit___________.
A.breaksB.hadbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
42.Hetreatedmeasthough_________hisownson.
A.IamB.IwouldbeC.IwasD.Iwere
43.IfonlyI_________acarofmyown.
A.haveB.hadC.wouldloveD.shouldhave
44.LookatthetroubleI’min!IfonlyI_________youradvice.(2003上海)
A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow
45.Ifonlyhe_______quietlyasthedoctorinstructed.
A.yC.hadlainD.shouldlie
II.Translation
1.我不知道他的电话号码，否则我就打电话给他了，
资料共享平台
《初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习》(http://www.lp1901.com)。他本可以给你更多的帮助，即使他很忙。
3.---如果可能的话你会不会打电话给他？
---会的，不过我当时在忙着做家庭作业
4．如果你昨晚没有看电影到那么晚的话，你现在就不会这么困了。
5.没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不同了。
Keys
I.1-5CDDCB6-10ADDDB11-15CBBAA16-20BBADA
21-25DBACB26-30BBCAA31-35DBDCB36-40DCCCA41-45CDBCC
II.
1．Ididn"tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseIwouldhavetelephonedhim.
2．Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.
3．----Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?
----Yes,butIwerebusydoingmyhomework.
4．Ifyouhadn’tseenthatfilmlatelastnight,youwouldn"tbesosleepy.
5．Withoutelectricity,humanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday
本文作者：11#1- 803小路
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